Chercheurs

Sciences de la Terre / WATSON ANDREW J.

a.watson

Position

Professor at the School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.

Thèmes de recherche

His earlier research activity covered topics related to the impact on the biosphere of forest and grasslands fires, and to the planetary atmospheres of the Earth and Venus. From the early 80's, by successfully using a variety of complementary approaches, ranging from experimental work, in the laboratory and at sea, to theoretical and numerical modelling, Dr Watson made seminal contributions to understanding the physical and biological controls of the global biogeochemical cycles. Among these was the use of in situ iron enrichment experiments in HNLC areas to provide the proof of John Martin's "iron hypothesis". Another breakthrough was in the use of sulphur hexafluoride tracerrelease experiments to measure vertical diffusivity in deep water formation regions, critical areas for transporting atmospheric carbon dioxide into the deep ocean.

Prix et récompenses

* Elected a Fellow of the Royal Society, 2003
* Recipient of the Fridtjof Nansen medal for ocean sciences (European Geosciences Union), 2004.

Publications

Boyd, P. W., Jickells, T., Law, C. S., Blain, S., Boyle, E. A., Buessler, K. O., Coale, K. H., Cullen, J. J., De Baar, H. J. W., Follows, M., Harvey, M., Lancelot, C., Levasseur, M., Pollard, R., Rivkin, R. B., Sarmiento, J. Schoemann, V., Smetacek, V., Takeda, S., Tsuda, A., Turner, S., and Watson, A. J. Mesoscale iron-enrichment experiments 1993-2005: synthesis and future directions. Science 315, 612-617 (2007).

Ridgwell, A., Hargreaves, J. C., Edwards, N. R., Annan, J. D., Lenton, T. M., Marsh, R. Yool, A., and Watson, A. Marine geochemical data assimilation in an efficient Earth System model of global biogeochemical cycling. Biogeosciences 4, 1-18 (2007).

Goldblatt, C., Lenton, T. M., and Watson, A. J. Bistability of atmospheric oxygen and the Great Oxidation. Nature 447. doi:10.1038/nature05169 (2006).

Watson, A. J., and Naveira-Garabato, A. C. The role of Southern Ocean mixing and upwelling in glacial-interglacial atmospheric CO2 change, Tellus 58B., 73-87 (2006)

Lefèvre, N., Watson, A. J. and Watson A. R. (2005). A comparison of multiple regression and neural network techniques for mapping in situ pCO2 data Tellus 57B, 375-384.

Le Quéré, C., S.P. Harrison, I.C. Prentice, E.T. Buitenhuis, O. Aumont, L. Bopp, H. Claustre, L.C. da Cunha, R. Geider, X. Giraud, C. Klaas, K.E. Kohfeld, L. Legendre, M. Manizza, T. Platt, R.B. Rivkin, S. Sathyendranath, J. Uitz, A.J. Watson, and D. Wolf-Gladrow, (2005). Ecosystem dynamics based on plankton functional types for global ocean biogeochemistry models. Global Change Biology 11, 2016-2040.

Oliver, K. I. C., Watson, A., J., and Stevens, D. P. S. (2005). Can limited ocean mixing buffer rapid climate change? Tellus 57A, 676-690.

Ríos, A. F. Pérez, F. F., Álvarez, A. A., , Mintrop, L., González-Dávila, M., Santana Casianoc, J. M., Lefèvre, N., and Watson, A. J. (2005). Seasonal sea-surface carbon dioxide in the Azores area, Mar. Chem 96, 35-51.

Bozec, Y., Bakker D.C.E., Hartmann C., Thomas H., Bellerby R.G.J., Nightingale P.D., Riebesell U., Watson A.J., and de Baar H.J.W. (2005) The CO2 system in a Redfield context during an iron enrichment experiment in the Southern Ocean. Mar. Chem. , doi: 10.1016/j.marchem.2004.08.004, 95:89-105.

Bakker, D. C. E., Bozec, Y., Nightingale, P. D., Goldson, L. Messias, M.-J., de Baar, H. J. W.,Liddicoat, M. I., Skjelvan, I., Strass, V., and Watson, A. J. Iron and mixing affect biological carbon uptake in SOIREE and EisenEx, two Southern Ocean iron fertilisation experiments. Deep Sea Res. I, 52, 1001-1019 (2005).

Manizza M., Le Quéré C., Watson A. J., and Buitenhuis, E. J. (2005). Bio-optical feedbacks among phytoplankton, upper ocean physics and sea-ice in a global model. Geophys Res Lett 32: art. no. L05603.

Olsson K. A., Jeansson E., Anderson L. G., Hansen B. , Eldevik T., Kristiansen R., Messias M.-J., Johannessen T., and Watson A. J. (2005). Intermediate water from the Greenland Sea in the Faroe Bank Channel: spreading of released sulphur hexafluoride. Deep-Sea Res. Pt I, 52: 279-294.

Naveira-Garabato, A. C., Oliver, K. I., Watson, A. J., and Messias, M.-J. (2004). Turbulent diapycnal mixing in the Nordic Seas. J. Geophys. Res-oceans 109 art no. C12010

Liss PS, Chuck AL, Turner SM, Watson AJ (2004). Air-sea gas exchange in Antarctic waters. Antarctic Science 16: 517-529.

Watson, A. J., (2004). Gaia and observer self-selection. In Scientists debate Gaia: the next century, eds Schneider, S. H., Miller, J. R., Crist, E., and Boston, P. J. pp201-208. MIT press, Cambridge, Mass, USA.

Bergman, N.M., Lenton, T. M., and Watson, A. J. (2004). A new biogeochemical Earth system model for the Phanerozoic Eon. In Scientists debate Gaia: the next century, eds Schneider, S. H., Miller, J. R., Crist, E., and Boston, P. J. pp101-113. MIT press, Cambridge, Mass, USA.

Bergman, N. M., Lenton, T. M., and Watson, A. J. (2004). COPSE: a new model of biogeochemical cycling over Phanerozoic time. Am. J. Sci 304,397-437.

Lefèvre, N., A. J. Watson, A. Olsen, A. F. Ríos, F. F. Pérez, and T. Johannessen (2004), A decrease in the sink for atmospheric CO2 in the North Atlantic, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L07306, doi:10.1029/2003GL018957

Lenton, TM, and. Watson, AJ. (2004) Biotic enhancement of weathering, atmospheric oxygen and carbon dioxide in the Neroproterozoic. Geophys. Res. Lett, 31, 10.1029/2003GL018802.

Ridgwell, A. J., Watson, A. J., Maslin, M. A., and Kaplan, J. O., (2003). Implications of coral reef buildup for the controls on atmospheric CO2 since the last glacial maximum. Paleoceanography . 1083

Law, CS, Abraham, ER, Watson, AJ, and Liddicoat, MI (2003).Vertical eddy diffusion and nutrient supply to the surface mixed layer in the Antarctic Circumpolar current. J. Geophys. Res 108 (C8), art. no. 28.

Watson, A. J. and Orr, J. C (2003). Carbon dioxide fluxes in the global ocean . pp123-143 in “Ocean Biogeochemistry : a JGOFS synthesis ” ed Fasham, MJR. Springer-Verlag, Heidleberg, Germany.

Ridgwell, A. J., Watson, A., J., and Archer, D. (2002). Modelling the response of the oceanic Si Cycle to perturbation, and consequences for atmospheric CO2. Glob. Biogeochem. Cyc 16, art. no. 1071.

Ridgwell, A. J., and Watson, A. J., (2002). Feedback between aeolian dust, climate and atmospheric CO2 in glacial time. Paleoceanography 17: art. no. 1059.

Ridgwell, A. J., Maslin, M. A. & Watson, A. J., (2002) Reduced effectiveness of terrestrial carbon sequestration due to an antagonistic response of ocean productivity, Geophys. Res. Lett. 29, 10.1029/2001GL014304.

Gascard, J.-C., Watson, A. J., Messias, M.-J., Olson, K. A., Johannessen, T., and Simonsen, K. (2002). Long –lived vortices as a mode of deep ventilation in the Greenland Sea. Nature 416, 525-527.

Watson, A. J. (2001) Iron limitation in the oceans. in "The biogeochemistry of iron in Seawater", Ed Turner, D. R., and Hunter, K. A. John Wiley and sons, Chichester, UK, pp 9-39.

Bakker, D. C. E., Watson, A. J. and Law, C. S. (2001). Southern Ocean iron enrichment promotes inorganic carbon drawdown. Deep Sea Research part II, 48, 2483-2507

Meredith, M. P., Watson, A. J., and Van Scoy, K. A. (2001). Chlorofluorocarbon-derived formation rates of the deep and bottom waters of the Weddell Sea. J. Geophys. Res. - Oceans, 106, (C2), 2899-2919.

Law, C. S., and Watson, A. J. (2001). Determination of Persian Gulf Water transport and oxygen utilization rates using SF6 as a novel transient tracer. Geophys. Res. Lett. 28, 815-818.

Law, C. S., Martin, A. P., Liddicoat, M. I., Watson, A. J., Richards, K. J., and Woodward, E. M. S. (2001). A lagrangian SF6 tracer study of an antcyclonic eddy in the North Atlantic; patch evolution, vertical mixing and nitrate supply to the mixed layer. Deep Sea Research part II 48, 705-724.

Boyd P. W., Watson, A. J., Law, C.S., Abraham, E. R., Trull, T., Murdoch R., Bakker, D. C. E., Bowie A. R., Buesseler, K. O., Chang, H., Charette, M., Croot, P., Downing, K., Frew, R., Gall, M., Hadfield, M., Hall, J., Harvey M,., Jameson, G., LaRoche, J., Liddicoat, M., Ling, R., Maldonado, M. T., McKay, R. M., Nodder, S., Pickmere, S., Pridmore, R., Rintoul, S., Safi, K., Sutton, P., Strzepek, R., Tanneberger, K., Turner, S., Waite, A., and Zeldis, J. (2000). A mesoscale phytoplankton bloom in the polar Southern Ocean stimulated by iron fertilization. Nature, 407, 695-702.

Watson, A.J., Bakker, D.C.E., Ridgwell, A.J., Boyd, P.W., and Law, C.S. (2000). Effect of iron supply on Southern Ocean CO2 uptake and implications for glacial atmospheric CO2. Nature, 407, 730-733.

Meredith MP, Locarnini RA, Van Scoy KA, Watson AJ, Heywood KJ, King BA (2000) On the sources of Weddell Gyre Antarctic Bottom Water. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans 105(C1) 1093-1104

Watson, A. J., and Ledwell, J. R. (2000). Oceanographic tracer release experiments using sulphur hexafluoride. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans 105 (C6), 14325- 14337.

Nightingale, P. D., Malin, G., Law, C. S., Watson, A. J., Liss, P. S., Liddicoat, M. I., and Upstill-Goddard, R C. (2000). In situ evaluation of air-sea gas exchange parameterizations using novel conservative and volatile tracers. Glob. Biogeochem. Cyc.14, 373-387.

Lenton, T. M., and Watson, A. J. (2000). Redfield revisited: 1. Regulation of nitrate, phosphate and oxygen in the ocean. Global Biogeochem. Cycles.14, 225-248.

Lenton, T. M., and Watson, A. J.(2000). Redfield revisited: II. What regulates the oxygen content of the atmosphere? Global Biogechem Cyc. 14, 249-268.