Chercheurs

Sciences de la Terre / SCHUMANN, ULRICH

Position

Institutsdirektor
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR)
Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre
Oberpfaffenhofen-Wessling
Germany

Thèmes de recherche

Prof. Schumann's research has led to important developments in the understanding and modelling of turbulence and atmospheric physics. His work is informed by a deep and original application of non-linear physics.

Schumann's research on techniques in turbulence is based on his development of numerical simulations. He contributed to improving subgrid scale parameterisation for Large Eddy numerical simulations, by developing the Smagorinski approach. For atmospheric flows, he showed how small scale eddies contribute to large scale motions through 'back-scatter' models and modelling small scale processes in particular those associated with stable stratification and drag/flux processes at the ground or at the atmospheric/ocean interface. With these innovations it has become possible to calculate many critical atmospheric flows and also chemical processes and patterns that affect local weather transport processes. He and his colleagues particularly demonstrated these techniques with their computations of atmospheric flows with convection and over hills where turbulence develops mean flows.

Schumann's other important contribution to turbulence was to provide a rational criterion for statistical models. He found that in certain models predictions of the statistical moments of the fluctuating qualities (e.g. velocity, temperature, etc.) did not relate to each other as is mathematically necessary for any real variables. Clearly kinetic energy has to be positive but Schumann showed that these 'realisability' criteria significantly constrain the possible range of values of other covariances. His work has become a central principle for assessing existing models and in making new developments.

Prix et récompenses

EGU Lewis Fry Richardson Medallist 2007 "for his fundamental and pioneering work on the 'realizibility' of turbulence models and their wide application in geophysical flows, notably to establish through accurate simulation the chemical effects of aircraft emissions on the stratosphere."

Publications

Brenninkmeijer, C.A.M.; Crutzen, P.; Boumard, F.; Dauer, T.; Dix, B.; Ebinghaus, R.; Filippi, D.; Fischer, H.; Franke, H.; Frieß, U.; Heintzenberg, J.; Helleis, F.; Hermann, M.; Kock, H.H.; Koeppel, C.; Lelieveld, J.; Leuenberger, M.; Martinsson, B.G.; Miemczyk, S.; Moret, H.P.; Nguyen, H.N.; Nyfeler, P.; Oram, D.; O'Sullivan, D.; Penkett, . S.; Platt, U.; Pupek, M.; Ramonet, M.; Randa, B.; Reichelt, M.; Rhee, T.S.; Rohwer, J.; Rosenfeld, K.; Scharffe, D.; Schlager, H.; Schumann, U.; Slemr, F.; Sprung, D.; Stock, P.; Thaler, R.; Valentino, F.; Velthoven van, P.; Waibel, A.; Wandel, A.; Waschitschek, K.; Wiedensohler, A.; Xueref-Remy, I.; Zahn, A.; Zech, U.; Ziereis, H. (2007):
Civil aircraft for the regular investigation of the atmosphere based on an instrumented container: the new CARIBIC system. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 7, S. 4953 - 4976

Huntrieser, H.; Schlager, H.; Roiger, A.; Lichtenstern, M.; Schumann, U.; Kurz, C.; Brunner, D.; Schwierz, C.; Richter, A.; Stohl, A. (2007):
Lightning-produced NOx over Brazil during TROCCINOX: Airborne measurements in tropical and subtropical thunderstorms and the importance of mesoscale convective systems. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 7, S. 2987 - 3013.

Kokhanovsky, A.A.; Mayer, B.; Rozanov, V.V.; Wapler, K.; Burrows, J.P.; Schumann, U. (2007):
The influence of broken cloudiness on cloud top height retrievals using nadir observations of backscattered solar radiation in the oxygen A-band. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 103, S. 460 - 477.

Kokhanovsky, Alexander A.; Mayer, Bernhard; Rozanov, Vladimir V.; Wapler, Kathrin; Lamsal, Lok N.; Weber, Mark; Burrows, John P.; Schumann, Ulrich (2007):
Satellite Ozone Retrieval Under Broken Cloud Conditions: An Error Analysis Based on Monte Carlo Simulations. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 45, S. 187 - 194.

Mannstein, H.; Schumann, U. (2007):
Corrigendum to Mannstein, H., U. Schumann, 2005:
Aircraft induced contrail cirrus over Europe. Meteorologische Zeitschrift, 16, S. 131 - 132.

Lesley E.; Pickering, Kenneth E.; Stenchikov, Georgiy L.; Huntrieser, Heidi; Schumann, Ulrich (2007):
Effects of lightning NOx production during the 21 July European Lightning Nitrogen Oxides Project storm studied with a three-dimensional cloud-scale chemical transport model. Journal of Geophysical Research, 112, S. D05307-1 - D05307-18.

Schumann, Ulrich; Huntrieser, Heidi (2007):
The global lightning-induced nitrogen oxides source. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 7, S. 3823 - 3907.

Gayet, Jean-Francois; Shcherbakov, Valery; Mannstein, Hermann; Minikin, Andreas; Schumann, Ulrich; Ström, Johan; Petzold, Andreas; Ovarlez, Joelle; Immler, Franz (2006):
Microphysical and optical properties of midlatitude cirrus clouds observed in the southern hemisphere during INCA. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 132, S. 2719 - 2748.

Ponater, Michael; Pechtl, Susanne; Sausen, Robert; Schumann, Ulrich; Hüttig, Gerhard (2006):
Potential of the cryoplane technology to reduce aircraft climate impact: A state-of-the-art assessment. Atmospheric Environment, 40, S. 6928 - 6944.

Mannstein, Hermann; Schumann, Ulrich (2005):
Aircraft induced contrail cirrus over Europe. Meteorologische Zeitschrift, 14, S. 549 - 554.

Petzold, Andreas; Fiebig, Markus; Fritzsche, Lutz; Stein, Claudia; Schumann, Ulrich; Wilson, Chris W.; Hurley, Chris D.; Arnold, Frank; Ktragkou, Eleni; Baltensperger, Urs; Gysel, Martin; Nyeki, Stephan; Hitzenberger, Regina; Giebl, Heinrich; Hughes, Kevin J.; Kurtenbach, Ralf; Wiesen, Peter; Madden, Paul; Puxbaum, Hans; Vrochticky, Susanne; Wahl, Claus (2005):
Particle Emissions from Aircraft Engines–A Survey of the European Project PartEmis. Meteorologische Zeitschrift, 14, S. 465 - 476.

Ponater, M.; Marquart, S.; Sausen, R.; Schumann, U. (2005):
On Contrail Cimate Sensitivity. Geophysical Research Letters, 32, S. L10706-1 - L10706-5.

Sausen, Robert; Isaksen, Ivar; Hauglustaine, Didier; Grewe, Volker; Lee, David S.; Myhre, Gunnar; Köhler, Marcus O.; Pitari, Giavanni; Schumann, Ulrich; Stordal, Frode; Zerefos, Christos (2005):
Aviation radiative forcing in 2000: An update on IPCC (1999). Meteorologische Zeitschrift, 14, S. 555 - 561.

Schumann, Ulrich (2005):
Formation, Properties and Climate Effects of Contrails. Comptes Rendus Physique, 6, S. 549 - 565.

Stubenrauch, C. J.; Schumann, U. (2005):
Impact of Air Traffic on Cirrus Coverage. Geophysical Research Letters, 32, S. L14813.

Gayet, J.F.; Ovarlez, J.; Shcherbakov, V.; Ström, J.; Schumann, U.; Minikin, A.; Auriol, F.; Petzold, A.; Monier, M. (2004):
Cirrus Cloud Microphysical and Optical Properties at Southern and Northern Midlatitudes during the INCA Experiment. Journal of Geophysical Research, 109, S. D20206 -

Seifert, M.; Ström, J.; Krejci, R.; Minikin, A.; Petzold, A.; Gayet, J.-F.; Schlager, H.; Ziereis, H.; Schumann, U.; Ovarlez, J. (2004):
Aerosol-Cirrus Interactions: A Number Based Phenomenon at All? Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 4, S. 293 - 305.

Seifert, M.; Ström, J.; Krejci, R.; Minikin, A.; Petzold, A.; Gayet, J.-F.; Schlager, H.; Ziereis, H.; Schumann, U.; Ovarlez, J. (2004):
Thermal Stability Analysis of Particles Incorporated in Cirrus Crystals and of Non-Activated Particles in between the Cirrus Crystals: Comparing Clean and Polluted Air Masses. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 4, S. 1343 - 1353.

Sorokin, A.; Katragkou, E.; Arnold, F.; Busen, R.; Schumann, U. (2004):
Gaseous SO3 and H2SO4 in the Exhaust of an Aircraft Gas Turbine Engine: Measurements by CIMS and Implications for Fuel Sulfur Conversion to Sulfur (VI) and Conversion of SO3 to H2SO4. Atmospheric Environment, 38, S. 449 - 456.

Starik, A. M.; Savel'ev, A.M.; Titiva, B.N.S.; Loukhovitskaya, C.E.E.; Schumann, U. (2004):
Effect of Aerosol Precursors from Gas Turbine Engines on the Volatile Sulfate Aerosols and Ion Clusters Formation in Aircraft Plumes. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 6, S. 3426 - 3436.

Wilson, C.W.; Petzold, A.; Nyeki, S.; Schumann, U.; Zellner, R. (2004):
Measurement and Prediction of Emissions of Aerosols and Gaseous Precursors from Gas Turbine Engines (PartEmis): An Overview. Aerospace and Science Technology, 8, S. 131 - 143.

Ziereis, H.; Minikin, A.; Schlager, H.; Gayet, J.-F.; Auriol, F.; Stock, P.; Baehr, J.; Petzold, A.; Schumann, U.; Weinheimer, A.J.; Ridley, B.A.; Ström, J. (2004):
Uptake of Reactive Nitrogen on Cirrus Cloud Particles during INCA. Geophysical Research Letters, 31, S. L05115-1 - L05115-4.

Baehr, J.; Schlager, H.; Ziereis, H.; Stock, P.; Velthoven, P. van; Busen, R.; Ström, J.; Schumann, U. (2003):
Aircraft Observations of NO, NOy, CO, and O3 in the Upper Troposphere from 60°N to 60°S - Interhemispheric Differences at Midlatitudes. Geophysical Research Letters, 30, S. 52-1 - 52-4.

Minikin, A.; Petzold, A.; Ström, J.; Krejci, R.; Seifert, M.; van Velthoven, P.; Schlager, H.; Schumann, U. (2003):
Aircraft Observations of the Upper Tropospheric Fine Particle Aerosol in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres at Midlatitudes. Geophysical Research Letters, 30, S. 10-1 - 10-4.

Seifert, M.; Ström, J.; Krejci, R.; Minikin, A.; Petzold, A.; Gayet, J.-F.; Schumann, U.; Ovarlez, J. (2003):
In Situ Observations of Aerosol Particles Remaining from Evaporated Cirrus Crystals: Comparing Clean and Polluted Air Masses. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 3, S. 1037 - 1049.

Ström, J.; Seifert, M.; Kärcher, B.; Ovarlez, J.; Minikin, A.; Gayet, J.-F.; Krejci, R.; Petzold, A.; Auriol, F.; Haag, W.; Busen, R.; Schumann, U.; Hansson, H.C. (2003):
Cirrus Cloud Occurrence as Function of Ambient Relative Humidity: A Comparison of Observations Obtained during the INCA Experiment. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 3, S. 1807 - 1816.

Birner, T.; Dörnbrack, A.; Schumann, U. (2002):
How Sharp is the Tropopause at Midlatitudes? Geophysical Research Letters, 29, S. 45-1 - 45-4.

Gayet, J.-F.; Auriol, F.; Minikin, A.; Ström, J.; Seifert, M.; Krejci, R.; Petzold, A.; Febvre. G.; Schumann, U. (2002):
Quantitative Measurement of the Microphysical and Optical Properties of Cirrus clouds with Four Different in Situ Probes: Evidence of Small Ice Crystals. Geophysical Research Letters, 29, S. 83-1 - 83-4.

Huntrieser, H.; Feigl, C.; Schlager, H.; Schröder, F.; Gerbig, Ch.; Velthoven, P. van; Flatoy, F.; Théry, C.; Petzold, A.; Höller, H.; Schumann, U. (2002):
Airborne Measurements of NOx, Tracer Species, and Small Particles during the European Lightning Nitrogen Oxides Experiment. Journal of Geophysical Research, 107, S. ACH 5-1 - ACH 5-24.