Chercheurs

Médecine / SAPOLSKY, ROBERT M.

sapolsky

Position

Neuroendocrinologist,

John A. and Cynthia Fry Gunn Professor and Professor of Neurology and Neurological Sciences and by courtesy of Neurosurgery
Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University

Thèmes de recherche

Sapolsky has focused his research on issues of stress and neuron degeneration, as well as on the possibilities of gene therapy strategies for help in protecting susceptible neurons from disease.

His lab was among the first to document that stress can damage the neurons of the hippocampus. He is currently working on gene transfer techniques to strengthen neurons against the disabling effects of glucocorticoids.

Prix et récompenses

Sapolsky has received numerous honors and awards for his work, including the prestigious MacArthur Fellowship, an Alfred P. Sloan Fellowship, and the Klingenstein Fellowship in Neuroscience. He received the National Science Foundation Presidential Young Investigator Award and the Young Investigator of the Year Awards from the Society for Neuroscience, the Biological Psychiatry Society, and the International Society for Psychoneuro-Endocrinology.

Publications

Sapolsky RM, "The influence of social hierarchy on primate health." Science 2005; 308: 5722: 648-52.

Zhao H, Yenari MA, Cheng D, Sapolsky RM, Steinberg GK "Biphasic cytochrome c release after transient global ischemia and its inhibition by hypothermia." J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2005.

Yenari MA, Sapolsky RM "Gene therapy in neurological disease." Methods Mol Med 2005; 104: 75-88.

Hairston IS, Little MT, Scanlon MD, Barakat MT, Palmer TD, Sapolsky RM, Heller HC "Sleep restriction suppresses neurogenesis induced by hippocampus-dependent learning." J Neurophysiol 2005.

Zhao H, Shimohata T, Wang JQ, Sun G, Schaal DW, Sapolsky RM, Steinberg GK "Akt contributes to neuroprotection by hypothermia against cerebral ischemia in rats." J Neurosci 2005; 25: 42: 9794-806.

Dumas TC, Powers EC, Tarapore PE, Sapolsky RM "Overexpression of calbindin D(28k) in dentate gyrus granule cells alters mossy fiber presynaptic function and impairs hippocampal-dependent memory." Hippocampus 2004; 14: 6: 701-9.

Kaufer D, Ogle WO, Pincus ZS, Clark KL, Nicholas AC, Dinkel KM, Dumas TC, Ferguson D, Lee AL, Winters MA, Sapolsky RM "Restructuring the neuronal stress response with anti-glucocorticoid gene delivery." Nat Neurosci 2004; 7: 9: 947-53.

Sapolsky RM, "Is impaired neurogenesis relevant to the affective symptoms of depression?" Biol Psychiatry 2004; 56: 3: 137-9.

Bliss TM, Ip M, Cheng E, Minami M, Pellerin L, Magistretti P, Sapolsky RM "Dual-gene, dual-cell type therapy against an excitotoxic insult by bolstering neuroenergetics." J Neurosci 2004; 24: 27: 6202-8.

Zhao H, Yenari MA, Cheng D, Barreto-Chang OL, Sapolsky RM, Steinberg GK "Bcl-2 transfection via herpes simplex virus blocks apoptosis-inducing factor translocation after focal ischemia in the rat." J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2004; 24: 6: 681-92.

Sapolsky RM, Share LJ "A Pacific Culture among Wild Baboons: Its Emergence and Transmission." PLoS Biol 2004; 2: 4: E106.

Gu W, Zhao H, Yenari MA, Sapolsky RM, Steinberg GK "Catalase over-expression protects striatal neurons from transient focal cerebral ischemia." Neuroreport 2004; 15: 3: 413-6.

Gip P, Hagiwara G, Sapolsky RM, Cao VH, Heller HC, Ruby NF "Glucocorticoids influence brain glycogen levels during sleep deprivation." Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2004; 286: 6: R1057-62.

Zhao H, Yenari MA, Sapolsky RM, Steinberg GK "Mild postischemic hypothermia prolongs the time window for gene therapy by inhibiting cytochrome C release." Stroke 2004; 35: 2: 572-7.

Sapolsky RM, "Organismal stress and telomeric aging: an unexpected connection." Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004; 101: 50: 17323-4.

Sapolsky RM, "The frontal cortex and the criminal justice system." Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2004; 359: 1451: 1787-96.

Dinkel K, Dhabhar FS, Sapolsky RM "Neurotoxic effects of polymorphonuclear granulocytes on hippocampal primary cultures." Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004; 101: 1: 331-6.

Hairston IS, Peyron C, Denning DP, Ruby NF, Flores J, Sapolsky RM, Heller HC, O'Hara BF "Sleep deprivation effects on growth factor expression in neonatal rats: a potential role for BDNF in the mediation of delta power." J Neurophysiol 2004; 91: 4: 1586-95.

Sapolsky RM, "Stress and plasticity in the limbic system." Neurochem Res 2003; 28: 11: 1735-42.

Hoehn B, Yenari MA, Sapolsky RM, Steinberg GK "Glutathione peroxidase overexpression inhibits cytochrome C release and proapoptotic mediators to protect neurons from experimental stroke." Stroke 2003; 34: 10: 2489-94.

Roy M, Sapolsky RM "The neuroprotective effects of virally-derived caspase inhibitors p35 and crmA following a necrotic insult." Neurobiol Dis 2003; 14: 1: 1-9.

Sapolsky RM, "Altering behavior with gene transfer in the limbic system." Physiol Behav 2003; 79: 3: 479-86.

Lee AL, Dumas TC, Tarapore PE, Webster BR, Ho DY, Kaufer D, Sapolsky RM "Potassium channel gene therapy can prevent neuron death resulting from necrotic and apoptotic insults." J Neurochem 2003; 86: 5: 1079-88.

Yenari MA, Zhao H, Giffard RG, Sobel RA, Sapolsky RM, Steinberg GK "Gene therapy and hypothermia for stroke treatment." Ann N Y Acad Sci 2003; 993: 54-68; discussion 79-81.

Lim MC, Brooke SM, Sapolsky RM "gp120 neurotoxicity fails to induce heat shock defenses, while the over expression of hsp70 protects against gp120." Brain Res Bull 2003; 61: 2: 183-8.

Zhao H, Yenari MA, Cheng D, Sapolsky RM, Steinberg GK "Bcl-2 overexpression protects against neuron loss within the ischemic margin following experimental stroke and inhibits cytochrome c translocation and caspase-3 activity." J Neurochem 2003; 85: 4: 1026-36.

Brooke SM, Sapolsky RM "Effects of glucocorticoids in the gp120-induced inhibition of glutamate uptake in hippocampal cultures." Brain Res 2003; 972: 1-2: 137-41.

Roy M, Sapolsky RM "The exacerbation of hippocampal excitotoxicity by glucocorticoids is not mediated by apoptosis." Neuroendocrinology 2003; 77: 1: 24-31.

Sapolsky RM, "Gene therapy for psychiatric disorders." Am J Psychiatry 2003; 160: 2: 208-20.

Dinkel K, MacPherson A, Sapolsky RM "Novel glucocorticoid effects on acute inflammation in the CNS." J Neurochem 2003; 84: 4: 705-16.

Sapolsky RM, "Neuroprotective gene therapy against acute neurological insults." Nat Rev Neurosci 2003; 4: 1: 61-9.

Dinkel K, Ogle WO, Sapolsky RM "Glucocorticoids and central nervous system inflammation." J Neurovirol 2002; 8: 6: 513-28.

Zemlyak I, Brooke SM, Sapolsky RM "Protection against gp120-induced neurotoxicity by an array of estrogenic steroids." Brain Res 2002; 958: 2: 272-6.

Brooke SM, Sapolsky RM "Glucocorticoid exacerbation of gp120 neurotoxicity: role of microglia." Exp Neurol 2002; 177: 1: 151-8.

Kelly S, Zhang ZJ, Zhao H, Xu L, Giffard RG, Sapolsky RM, Yenari MA, Steinberg GK "Gene transfer of HSP72 protects cornu ammonis 1 region of the hippocampus neurons from global ischemia: influence of Bcl-2." Ann Neurol 2002; 52: 2: 160-7.

Lee AL, Ogle WO, Sapolsky RM "Stress and depression: possible links to neuron death in the hippocampus." Bipolar Disord 2002; 4: 2: 117-28.

Brooke SM, McLaughlin JR, Cortopassi KM, Sapolsky RM "Effect of GP120 on glutathione peroxidase activity in cortical cultures and the interaction with steroid hormones." J Neurochem 2002; 81: 2: 277-84.

Maggioncalda AN, Sapolsky RM "Disturbing behaviors of the orangutan." Sci Am 2002; 286: 6: 60-5.

Maggioncalda AN, Czekala NM, Sapolsky RM "Male orangutan subadulthood: a new twist on the relationship between chronic stress and developmental arrest." Am J Phys Anthropol 2002; 118: 1: 25-32.

Roy M, Hom JJ, Sapolsky RM "HSV-mediated delivery of virally derived anti-apoptotic genes protects the rat hippocampus from damage following excitotoxicity, but not metabolic disruption." Gene Ther 2002; 9: 3: 214-9.

Dumas TC, Sapolsky RM "Gene therapy against neurological insults: sparing neurons versus sparing function." Trends Neurosci 2001; 24: 12: 695-700.

Hairston IS, Ruby NF, Brooke S, Peyron C, Denning DP, Heller HC, Sapolsky RM "Sleep deprivation elevates plasma corticosterone levels in neonatal rats." Neurosci Lett 2001; 315: 1-2: 29-32.

Hoehn B, Ringer TM, Xu L, Giffard RG, Sapolsky RM, Steinberg GK, Yenari MA "Overexpression of HSP72 after induction of experimental stroke protects neurons from ischemic damage." J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2001; 21: 11: 1303-9.

Sapolsky RM, "Depression, antidepressants, and the shrinking hippocampus." Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001; 98: 22: 12320-2.

Ogle WO, Sapolsky RM "Gene therapy and the aging nervous system." Mech Ageing Dev 2001; 122: 14: 1555-63.

Yenari MA, Dumas TC, Sapolsky RM, Steinberg GK "Gene therapy for treatment of cerebral ischemia using defective herpes simplex viral vectors." Neurol Res 2001; 23: 5: 543-52.

Yenari MA, Dumas TC, Sapolsky RM, Steinberg GK "Gene therapy for treatment of cerebral ischemia using defective herpes simplex viral vectors." Ann N Y Acad Sci 2001; 939: 340-57.

Gupta A, Ho DY, Brooke S, Franklin L, Roy M, McLaughlin J, Fink SL, Sapolsky RM "Neuroprotective effects of an adenoviral vector expressing the glucose transporter: a detailed description of the mediating cellular events." Brain Res 2001; 908: 1: 49-57.

Roy M, Hom J, Sapolsky RM "Neuroprotection with herpes simplex vectors expressing virally derived anti-apoptotic agents." Brain Res 2001; 901: 1-2: 12-22.

Xu L, Sapolsky RM, Giffard RG "Differential sensitivity of murine astrocytes and neurons from different brain regions to injury." Exp Neurol 2001; 169: 2: 416-24.

Sapolsky RM, "Atrophy of the hippocampus in posttraumatic stress disorder: how and when?" Hippocampus 2001; 11: 2: 90-1.

Phillips RG, Monje ML, Giuli LC, Meier TJ, Yenari MA, Kunis D, Sapolsky RM "Gene therapy effectiveness differs for neuronal survival and behavioral performance." Gene Ther 2001; 8: 8: 579-85.

Bliss TM, Sapolsky RM "Interactions among glucose, lactate and adenosine regulate energy substrate utilization in hippocampal cultures." Brain Res 2001; 899: 1-2: 134-41.

Yenari MA, Minami M, Sun GH, Meier TJ, Kunis DM, McLaughlin JR, Ho DY, Sapolsky RM, Steinberg GK "Calbindin d28k overexpression protects striatal neurons from transient focal cerebral ischemia." Stroke 2001; 32: 4: 1028-35.

Sapolsky RM, "Cellular defenses against excitotoxic insults." J Neurochem 2001; 76: 6: 1601-11.

Howard SA, Brooke SM, Sapolsky RM "Mechanisms of estrogenic protection against gp120-induced neurotoxicity." Exp Neurol 2001; 168: 2: 385-91.

Sapolsky RM, Finch CE "Alzheimer's disease and some speculations about the evolution of its modifiers." Ann N Y Acad Sci 2000; 924: 99-103.

Brooke SM, Sapolsky RM "The effects of steroid hormones in HIV-related neurotoxicity: a mini review." Biol Psychiatry 2000; 48: 9: 881-93.

Sapolsky RM, "The possibility of neurotoxicity in the hippocampus in major depression: a primer on neuron death." Biol Psychiatry 2000; 48: 8: 755-65.

Sapolsky RM, "Stress hormones: good and bad." Neurobiol Dis 2000; 7: 5: 540-2.

Roy M, Sapolsky RM "Reply" Trends Neurosci 2000; 23: 9: 411.

Fink SL, Ho DY, McLaughlin J, Sapolsky RM "An adenoviral vector expressing the glucose transporter protects cultured striatal neurons from 3-nitropropionic acid." Brain Res 2000; 859: 1: 21-5.

Brooke SM, Sapolsky RM "A cautionary note: the actions of adenosine agonists and antagonists may be reversed under certain conditions in primary cultures." Brain Res Bull 2000; 51: 4: 307-12.

Sapolsky RM, Romero LM, Munck AU "How do glucocorticoids influence stress responses? Integrating permissive, suppressive, stimulatory, and preparative actions." Endocr Rev 2000; 21: 1: 55-89.

Maggioncalda AN, Czekala NM, Sapolsky RM "Growth hormone and thyroid stimulating hormone concentrations in captive male orangutans: implications for understanding developmental arrest." Am J Primatol 2000; 50: 1: 67-76.

Phillips RG, Lawrence MS, Ho DY, Sapolsky RM "Limitations in the neuroprotective potential of gene therapy with Bcl-2." Brain Res 2000; 859: 2: 202-6.

Ozawa CR, Ho JJ, Tsai DJ, Ho DY, Sapolsky RM "Neuroprotective potential of a viral vector system induced by a neurological insult." Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000; 97: 16: 9270-5.

Dumas TC, McLaughlin JR, Ho DY, Lawrence MS, Sapolsky RM "Gene therapies that enhance hippocampal neuron survival after an excitotoxic insult are not equivalent in their ability to maintain synaptic transmission." Exp Neurol 2000; 166: 1: 180-9.

Sapolsky RM, "Glucocorticoids and hippocampal atrophy in neuropsychiatric disorders." Arch Gen Psychiatry 2000; 57: 10: 925-35.

Tsai DJ, Ho JJ, Ozawa CR, Sapolsky RM "Long-term expression driven by herpes simplex virus type-1 amplicons may fail due to eventual degradation or extrusion of introduced transgenes." Exp Neurol 2000; 165: 1: 58-65.